As an iconic sports car, the Supra has appeared in numerous video games, movies, music videos and TV shows. Some of the most notable appearances include the Gran Turismo, Forza Motorsport, Need for Speed, and Midnight Club series of video games and the 2001 film, The Fast and the Furious.ContentsThe first generation Supra was based largely upon the Toyota Celica liftback, but was longer by 129.5 mm (5.10 in). The doors and rear section were shared with the Celica but the front panels were elongated to accommodate the Inline-6 instead of the stock Celica's 4-cylinder engine. Toyota's original plan for the Supra at this time was to make it a competitor to the very popular Datsun (now Nissan) Z-car.
1978In April 1978 Toyota began production of the Mark I Supra in Japan, as the Toyota Celica XX. It debuted in the United States in Jan 1979. The USA Mark I (chassis code MA46) was originally equipped with a 110 hp (82 kW) 2,563 cc (2.563 L; 156.4 cu in) 12-valve SOHC inline-6 engine (4M-E). In April 1978, the Japanese Mark I (chassis code MA45) was offered with a 110 hp (82 kW) 2.0 L 12-valve SOHC inline-6 engine (M-EU). The Japanese Supra was equipped with the smaller 2.0 L engine so that buyers wouldn't incur an additional tax under vehicle size and engine displacement regulations. Both were equipped with electronic fuel injection.Drive train options for the Mark I were either a 5-speed manual (W50) or an optional 4-speed automatic transmission (A40D). Both transmissions featured an overdrive gear. The top gear in the 5-speed was its overdrive gear whereas the automatic transmission featured an overdrive gear that would engage at speeds over 35 mph (56 km/h). The drive train for the Supra retained the T series solid rear axle configuration of the Celica in the Japanese MA45 version and a larger F series (and optional Limited Slip Differential) in the MA46 and MA47. The car also came standard with 4-wheel disc brakes and featured a four-link rear suspension with coil springs, lateral track bar, and stabilizer bar. The front suspension consisted of MacPherson struts and a stabilizer bar.In 1981, Toyota completely redesigned the Celica Supra as well as the entire Celica lineup. In Japan, they were known as Celica XX, but everywhere else the Celica Supra name was used. Still being based around the Celica platform, there were several key differences, most notably the design of the front end and fully retractable pop-up headlights. Other differences would be the inline-6 still present in the Supra instead of the inline-4 as well as an increase in length and wheel base to conform with the overall larger engine. Toyota's continued market competition with Nissan is shown by the Supra's use of a rear hatch sun shade to avoid the louvres popularly associated with the Z car. Due to an increase in the Supra's width, it was no longer regarded as a "compact" under Japanese dimension regulations.
On the inside of the Supra one had an option of power windows and power locks as part of the convenience package. The convenience package also included cruise control and special door trim with door pull straps, with an optional sunroof. As for standard features, in the center console there was an extendible map light and a flip-top armrest, which provided storage. Some other features were the tilt steering wheel, deep zippered pockets on the backs of the front seats, and tonneau cover under the liftback. The dashboard also contained a state of the art (at the time) AM/FM/MPX 4-speaker stereo radio, analog clock, and tachometer as part of the instrument panel.* 1 Mark I (1978–1981)
o 1.1 1978
o 1.2 1979
o 1.3 1980
o 1.4 Quick information
* 2 Mark II (1981–1986)
o 2.1 L-type and P-type
o 2.2 1981
o 2.3 1983
o 2.4 1984
o 2.5 1985–1986
o 2.6 Mark IIs around the world
+ 2.6.1 Most of Europe
+ 2.6.2 Great Britain
+ 2.6.3 Australia, Sweden, & Switzerland
+ 2.6.4 New Zealand
+ 2.6.5 Japan
o 2.7 Quick information
* 3 Mark III (1986–1992)
o 3.1 1988
o 3.2 1989
o 3.3 1990
o 3.4 1991
o 3.5 1992
o 3.6 JZA70 and GA70
o 3.7 Turbo A
o 3.8 Quick information
* 4 Mark IV (1993–2002)
* 5 Possible Mark-V
* 6 Motorsport
* 7 Awards
* 8 United States timeline
* 9 References
* 10 External linksThe Toyota Supra is a sports car/grand tourer that was produced by Toyota Motor Company from 1979 to 2002. The styling of the Toyota Supra was derived from the Toyota Celica, but it was both longer and wider.[4] Starting in mid-1986, the Supra (in its third generation, Mark III) became its own model and was no longer based on the Celica. In turn, Toyota also stopped using the prefix Celica and began just calling the car Supra. Due to the similarity and past of the Celica's name, it is frequently mistaken for the Toyota Supra, and vice versa.The Supra also traces much of its roots back to the Toyota 2000GT with the main instance being its engine. The first three generations were offered with a direct descendant to the Toyota Crown's and 2000GT's M engine. All four generations of Supra produced have an inline 6-cylinder engine. Interior aspects were also similar, as was the chassis code "A".
Along with this name and car Toyota also included its own logo for the Supra. It is derived from the original Celica logo, being blue instead of orange. This logo was used until January 1986, when the Mark III Supra was introduced. The new logo was similar in size, with orange writing on a red background, but without the dragon design. That logo, in turn, was on Supras until 1991 when Toyota switched to its current oval company logo. (the dragon logo was a Celica logo regardless of what color it was. It appeared on the first two generations of the Supra because they were officially Toyota Celicas. The dragon logo was used for the Celica line until it too was discontinued.)In 1998, Toyota ceased sales of the Supra in the United States and in 2002 Toyota officially stopped production of the Supra in Japan.As an iconic sports car, the Supra has appeared in numerous video games, movies, music videos and TV shows. Some of the most notable appearances include the Gran Turismo, Forza Motorsport, Need for Speed, and Midnight Club series of video games and the 2001 film, The Fast and the Furious.
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Sunday, December 19, 2010
Wednesday, December 8, 2010
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Thursday, December 2, 2010
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Further breaking down the marques into their controlling manufacturers amplifies Honda's dominance of the contest over the last 25 years.
Whether or not these were intentionally bought by those pursuing a less vanilla life, we can’t say, but the Swinger was one of Dodge’s best car names. Not that it was one of the division’s best cars, which explains why it’s our No. 10. Thing was, nobody at the time paid inordinate attention to the moniker given to two-door Dart models. If anything, it was the Demon that got negative attention from conservative groups.
Note that this number is skewed by the multiple products picked over the years. For example, the Chrysler minivans were picked three times, totalling 8 "points" for Chrysler from three wins. The Diamond-Star cars were a similar problem, double-dipping "points" for both Mitsubishi, Plymouth, and Eagle. These situations were not "fixed"; rather, they are left as-is, skewing the totals.Note also that changing ownership can affect the count. Chrysler and Dodge products from 1999 through 2007 were counted for Daimler-Benz/DaimlerChrysler/Daimler AG, as that company had wholly acquired Chrysler in that period. Similarly, Saab's post-2000 products, had they won a place on the list, would be counted for General Motors. Despite strong corporate ties through this period, Mazda remains separate from Ford, Subaru from General Motors and Toyota, Nissan from Renault, and Mitsubishi from Chrysler.But otherwise it has in the auto motor und sport “readers choice” Best Cars 2009 “a few changes on the top places where. For example, the Mercedes S-Class in 2007 won top ranking in the luxury class is not against the new BMW 7 Series defend. On the contrary, the S-class coincided with a decrease of 11.6 percent of the vote even behind the Audi A8 to the third place.The Best Cars 2009Car and Driver magazine annually nominates a list of what it considers the Ten Best cars and Five Best trucks.All production vehicles for sale in that calendar year are considered with these restrictions:
The vehicle must be on sale by January. It must be priced below 2.5 times the average car price for that yearThe manufacturer must provide an example for testing
4. Only substantially changed vehicles and the past year's 10 best winners are nominateThe magazine sometimes selects a specific trim and other times a whole family of vehicles.
See also: Car of the YearAmazingly, the very good performance by Audi (38.4 percent) in the upper middle class. Despite its very long duration, the A6, the BMW 5 Series competitor (21.0 percent) and Mercedes CLS (16.0 percent), is clearly behind him.
With each year of the Maserati Quattroporte import ranking in the luxury class of its own decisions, it becomes clear what a great throw designer Sergio Pininfarina with the model succeeded. About 15 percent separate the runners from Maserati Bentley Continental Flying Spur and Rolls-Royce Phantom – two rivals who also rightly as a real dream cars can be described. The Quattroporte is the three German model BMW 7 Series, Audi A8 and Mercedes S-Class is the most popular luxury sedan, the reader.For Seat, the cork in this year really loud bang. Unlike Spanish, the Maserati brand in ten years no success in the readers choice “Best Cars” more celebrate. This year it’s finally arrived: The Seat Leon occupied the first rank in the import of lower middle-ranking. With the narrow margin of 0.6 percent, he is against the Alfa Romeo 147 by. In the SUV category was the Audi transition seamless. After 2008 the Q7 has received the most votes, is this year’s Q5 with 15.6 percent in the first place. Surprisingly weak is also the performance of the new Mercedes GLK. Its angular design like only 7.7 percent of the participants. That’s enough behind the BMW X5 (10.5 percent) and Mercedes G-Class (nine percent) for fourth place.The M-class adopted in 2009 from the top six, last year she was still 11.4 percent of the votes. Overall, this reader the Mercedes-choice supporters do not have good memories remain: 2009 does not create a single model, a first rank. However, the renowned brand in Germany last year after most of the VW cars sold.Audi can not repeat dream resultAudi may be the result of a dream from 2008 are not repeated, but defended three of the four in the previous year, brought in top rankings: The new A4 comes with 35.3 percent of the vote clearly the most readers in themiddle category.The runners-up will land the BMW 3 Series with over eleven percent residue, followed by the Mercedes C-Class. With fourth place and 5.4 percent of the votes, the new Opel flagship Insignia a first consideration to celebrate success. Another 5.4 percent, the VW Passat, followed by the Ford Mondeo.
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Whether or not these were intentionally bought by those pursuing a less vanilla life, we can’t say, but the Swinger was one of Dodge’s best car names. Not that it was one of the division’s best cars, which explains why it’s our No. 10. Thing was, nobody at the time paid inordinate attention to the moniker given to two-door Dart models. If anything, it was the Demon that got negative attention from conservative groups.
Note that this number is skewed by the multiple products picked over the years. For example, the Chrysler minivans were picked three times, totalling 8 "points" for Chrysler from three wins. The Diamond-Star cars were a similar problem, double-dipping "points" for both Mitsubishi, Plymouth, and Eagle. These situations were not "fixed"; rather, they are left as-is, skewing the totals.Note also that changing ownership can affect the count. Chrysler and Dodge products from 1999 through 2007 were counted for Daimler-Benz/DaimlerChrysler/Daimler AG, as that company had wholly acquired Chrysler in that period. Similarly, Saab's post-2000 products, had they won a place on the list, would be counted for General Motors. Despite strong corporate ties through this period, Mazda remains separate from Ford, Subaru from General Motors and Toyota, Nissan from Renault, and Mitsubishi from Chrysler.But otherwise it has in the auto motor und sport “readers choice” Best Cars 2009 “a few changes on the top places where. For example, the Mercedes S-Class in 2007 won top ranking in the luxury class is not against the new BMW 7 Series defend. On the contrary, the S-class coincided with a decrease of 11.6 percent of the vote even behind the Audi A8 to the third place.The Best Cars 2009Car and Driver magazine annually nominates a list of what it considers the Ten Best cars and Five Best trucks.All production vehicles for sale in that calendar year are considered with these restrictions:
The vehicle must be on sale by January. It must be priced below 2.5 times the average car price for that yearThe manufacturer must provide an example for testing
4. Only substantially changed vehicles and the past year's 10 best winners are nominateThe magazine sometimes selects a specific trim and other times a whole family of vehicles.
See also: Car of the YearAmazingly, the very good performance by Audi (38.4 percent) in the upper middle class. Despite its very long duration, the A6, the BMW 5 Series competitor (21.0 percent) and Mercedes CLS (16.0 percent), is clearly behind him.
With each year of the Maserati Quattroporte import ranking in the luxury class of its own decisions, it becomes clear what a great throw designer Sergio Pininfarina with the model succeeded. About 15 percent separate the runners from Maserati Bentley Continental Flying Spur and Rolls-Royce Phantom – two rivals who also rightly as a real dream cars can be described. The Quattroporte is the three German model BMW 7 Series, Audi A8 and Mercedes S-Class is the most popular luxury sedan, the reader.For Seat, the cork in this year really loud bang. Unlike Spanish, the Maserati brand in ten years no success in the readers choice “Best Cars” more celebrate. This year it’s finally arrived: The Seat Leon occupied the first rank in the import of lower middle-ranking. With the narrow margin of 0.6 percent, he is against the Alfa Romeo 147 by. In the SUV category was the Audi transition seamless. After 2008 the Q7 has received the most votes, is this year’s Q5 with 15.6 percent in the first place. Surprisingly weak is also the performance of the new Mercedes GLK. Its angular design like only 7.7 percent of the participants. That’s enough behind the BMW X5 (10.5 percent) and Mercedes G-Class (nine percent) for fourth place.The M-class adopted in 2009 from the top six, last year she was still 11.4 percent of the votes. Overall, this reader the Mercedes-choice supporters do not have good memories remain: 2009 does not create a single model, a first rank. However, the renowned brand in Germany last year after most of the VW cars sold.Audi can not repeat dream resultAudi may be the result of a dream from 2008 are not repeated, but defended three of the four in the previous year, brought in top rankings: The new A4 comes with 35.3 percent of the vote clearly the most readers in themiddle category.The runners-up will land the BMW 3 Series with over eleven percent residue, followed by the Mercedes C-Class. With fourth place and 5.4 percent of the votes, the new Opel flagship Insignia a first consideration to celebrate success. Another 5.4 percent, the VW Passat, followed by the Ford Mondeo.
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